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FOOT AND ANKLE
 
Bunions (Hallux Valgus):
 
Symptoms: Pain and a prominence in the forefoot is the main symptom. Ill fitting shoes are the cause of most bunions. More than half of the women in America have bunions. Big toe will angle towards the second toe and a prominence will develop at the base of the great toe. Patients will complain of pain with walking and with shoe wear as well as stiffness.
 
Treatment: Prevention in the form of proper shoe wear is the best way the treat bunions. If shoe modification and padding are insufficient then surgical correction of the forefoot alignment can correct the deformity and treat the pain.
 
Plantar Fascitis (Heel Spurs):
 
Diagnosis: Patient with plantar fascitis will present pain in the heel that is evident with the first step of the morning or with walking and exercise. Pain may be with each step or after exercise.
 
Treatment: Pain relief can be achieved in most cases with stretching, orthotics, medication, and splinting is effective in most cases. If the symptoms persist steroid injections and surgery may be offered.